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{{DISPLAYTITLE:ngn/k}} | title = ngn/k

| file ext = .k | influenced by = [[K]] (k3)

| file ext = .k | influenced by = [[K]] (K5/K6)

| implementation languages = [[K]] | influenced by = [[K]]

| influenced by = [[ngn/k]], [[BQN]], [[wikipedia:Go (programming language)|Go]] '''Goal''' is a [[K]]-based array language, with additional features derived from [[BQN]] and s

| influenced by = [[K]], [[wikipedia:Lisp (programming language)|Lisp]] '''Klong''' is a language based on [[K]] (probably K3) which removes K's syntactic ambiguity and much of its overloading by using more digraphs ([

...n language = [[wikipedia:Forth (programming language)|Forth]] (prev. APL, K) ...d by = [[wikipedia:Forth (programming language)|Forth]], APL, [[K]]

...uenced by = [[Dyalog APL]], [[APL2]], [[ISO/IEC 13751:2001]], [[K]], [[wikipedia:Go (programming language)|Go]] ...as [[Selective assignment|selective]] and [[modified assignment]], from [[K]], such as [[Dictionary|dictionaries]] and tables, and from Go, such as str

| file ext = .k | website = [https://k.miraheze.org/ Wiki], [https://kx.com/ Kx Systems], [https://shakti.com/ Sha

| influenced by = [[Dyalog APL]], [[J]], [[K]] ...> [[Select]] (<syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⌷⍤0 99</syntaxhighlight>) a.k.a. "sane indexing", i.e. select major cells

== APL dialects == ...an=3 | see [https://k.miraheze.org/wiki/Running_K#Table_of_Implementations K wiki]

...Those that are broadly compatible with [[APL\360]] are placed in the "APL dialects" column. ! Year !! APL dialects !! Other languages

| influenced by = [[Dyalog APL]], [[K]] ...It is very closely related to APL (mainly the Dyalog variety), but uses [[K]]'s array model, including the ability to "box" functions and use them as e

| index origin = 0 primarily; allowing 1 in dialects ...t defines possible APL syntax and features. While allowances are made for "dialects" in comments, the paper primarily describes a simplified language similar t

:''In the [[APL2]] family and many related dialects, <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⊂</syntaxhighlight> indicates [[Partiti ...It was introduced by [[NARS]] and appears in [[Dyalog APL]] and some newer dialects influenced by it.

...d), and the shape of each element is <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>(⍴Y)[K]</syntaxhighlight>. Most dialects do not have Split. Instead, they can use [[Enclose]] (<syntaxhighlight lang

| influenced by = [[Dyalog APL]], [[APL2]], [[K]] {{APL dialects}}[[Category:APL dialects]][[Category:Nested array languages]][[Category:Leading axis languages]][[Ca

...otate]] || <code>Z = K @L X</code> || <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>Z ← K ⌽ X</syntaxhighlight> ...ate]] || <code>Z = K @R X</code> || <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>Z ← (-K) ⌽ X</syntaxhighlight>

...oding of the [[ISO 8485:1989]] APL standard, with extensions inspired by [[K]]. In addition to arrays it supports dictionaries, tables, and SQL-like sta {{APL dialects}}[[Category:Flat array languages]][[Category:ASCII languages]]

Rank k-cells are defined for k trailing axes, whereas axes are numbered from most major (first axis i.e. a ==Difference among dialects==

| influenced by = [[K]], [[wikipedia:Scheme_(programming_language)|Scheme]], [[wikipedia:Ruby_(pr {{APL dialects}}[[Category:List-based array languages]][[Category:Languages with tacit pro

:''This article lists notable language developers only. For all APL dialects including those without notable developers, see [[Timeline of array languag * [[Kx Systems]]: [[K|K4]] and [[Q]]

...a subset of [[axes]] of Y to apply indexing on. The axes not mentioned in K are selected without modification; this corresponds to omitted axes in brac In some dialects that support [[leading axis theory]], short X in <syntaxhighlight lang=apl

| influenced by = [[J]], [[K]], [[wikipedia:Haskell (programming language)|Haskell]], [[wikipedia:Factor Like [[K]], the language uses nested lists rather than arrays in order to simplify t

...les traditional scripting and query languages rather than the density of [[K]]. {{APL dialects}}[[Category:List-based array languages]][[Category:Languages with first-cla

| influenced = [[K]], [[J]], [[BQN]] ...resented the very first version of [[K]] that very same year, and by 1994, K became the official successor of A+. In 2001, the source code was made publ

...[wikipedia:SISAL|SISAL]], [[wikipedia:NESL|NESL]], [[Nial]], APL, [[J]], [[K]] {{APL dialects}}[[Category:Typed array languages]][[Category:Ahead-of-time compilers]]

In most dialects, characters can be compared for equality, and are subject to [[array orderi In other array languages, particularly [[K]], the character type may indicate a non-textual unit, such as bytes with a

Several dialects, beginning with [[SHARP APL]] in 1981, support [[complex number]]s implemen Some newer dialects provide additional types that are distinguishable from floats, often by gre

* Like [[K]], Jelly uses the [[list model]] for its arrays. {{APL dialects}}[[Category:List-based array languages]][[Category:Languages with tacit pro

* A. D. Falkoff, K. E. Iverson, and E. H. Sussenguth, [https://web.archive.org/web/20070710100 {{APL dialects}}[[Category:Iverson notation| ]]

...the development of free open-source tools to transfer of APL code between dialects.<ref>Rick Procter. [http://www.aplborealis.com/danb2016.html Obituary for D ...yntaxhighlight>, so their sum is equal to <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>k</syntaxhighlight>.<ref>Stack User "Dennis". [https://codegolf.stackexchange

| 1992 || [[K]] ("K0"), [[Arthur Whitney]]'s [[List model|list]]-based language, first be {{APL dialects}}[[Category:Timelines]][[Category:APL history]][[Category:Lists of language

All arrays in Lang5 are simple lists. This makes it comparable to [[K]] and [[RAD]]. Similar to those languages, it also allows usage of function {{APL dialects}}[[Category:List-based array languages]][[Category:Stack-based languages]][

Here families of dialects are grouped together: IBM APL includes [[APL\360]], [[APL.SV]], and others; ...! [[APL*PLUS]] !! [[SHARP APL]] !! [[Dyalog APL]] !! [[J]] !! [[K]]

...on" which is a well-accepted esthetic criterion in art and design."|[[Joey K. Tuttle]]. ''APL pi — designing an APL type font'', 1981.}} ...r repertoire of quad names, but generally agree on their naming, so if two dialects share a quad name, it is likely that the meaning of it is identical or very

| influenced by = APL, [[J]], [[K]] {{APL dialects}}[[Category:List-based array languages]][[Category:ASCII languages]][[Categ

| <math>\tbinom{n}{k}</math> || <syntaxhighlight lang="apl" inline>k!n</syntaxhighlight> || [[Binomial]] | <math>\tbinom{n}{k}</math> || <syntaxhighlight lang="apl" inline>k!n</syntaxhighlight> || [[Binomial]]

...2]] and [[GNU APL]], have never added support for control structures. Many dialects developed in the 2010s and later also do not include control structures, fa ...current APL systems, or modify these systems to better support it.<ref>W. K. Giloi and R. Hoffmann. [https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/800114.803676 Addin

All APL dialects share core features, and at least the [[primitive]]s are [[Backwards compat ...s can be an actual [[element]] of another array. Most currently maintained dialects ([[Dyalog APL]], [[NARS2000]], [[APL2]], [[GNU APL]], and others) use the n

...iagonals of an argument matrix. This definition was adopted by Dyalog-like dialects including [[ngn/apl]], [[dzaima/APL]] (with changes), and [[April]]. In 202 ...t argument (if dyadic). The monadic form is similar to [[K|K3]]'s [[Group (K)|Group]], except the list of keys is specified explicitly rather than being

...ive extensions, and primitive-like syntax that are implemented across many dialects, or are precursors of such features. Features are ordered by the first APL ...|| [[Indices]] (<syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⍸</syntaxhighlight>) ([[K]] 1996, [[J]] 2003)

...s || <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⍢</syntaxhighlight> || 🔺 || Under (a.k.a. Dual) | Left Shoe With Axis || <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⊂[k]</syntaxhighlight> || 🔵 || as<syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⊂</synta

Most dialects define a 2-train is an ''atop'', equivalent to the function derived using t ...revision: 2009-02-18.</ref> and [[ngn/apl]] had partial support in 2013. [[K]] defined a different and simpler kind of function train based on linear ev

...to [[Function styles|describe functions]] have appeared, with [[J]] and [[K]] rejecting function definition in favor of [[anonymous function]] descript Beginning in the 2010s [[Dyalog]]-based APL dialects including [[ngn/apl]], [[dzaima/APL]], and [[APL\iv]] have removed function

* 1994: [[K]]'s functions are written with curly braces ...aditional function definition, and [[GNU APL]] includes a limited variant. Dialects such as [[ngn/apl]], [[APL\iv]], [[dzaima/APL]], and [[RAD]] use only dfns,

[[File:How X sees Y.png|thumb|right|APL vs J vs K]] == Comparison of dialects ==

| Under (a.k.a. Dual). Like <code>f⍥g</code> but conceptually inverts the right operan ...de>3 5?4 13</code> deals 3 hands of 5 cards from deck of 4 suits from A to K

[[Partition]], [[Partitioned Enclose]], the [[Cut]] operator, and [[Cut (K)]] all allow a programmer to split a [[vector]] into differently sized piec ...ndpoints for consistency. The latter representation matches [[K]]'s [[Cut (K)|Cut]] function, which produces a complete partition exactly when the left

| influenced = [[SAX]], [[J]], [[A+]], [[K]], [[Dyalog APL]], [[SHARP APL/HP]] {{APL dialects}}[[Category:APL dialects]][[Category:Flat array languages]][[Category:Leading axis languages]]

...entations that advertise high performance include [[Dyalog APL]], [[J]], [[K]] (both Kx and Shakti), and [[Q]], while research projects focused primaril ...ef> Performance of system operations remained a point of focus for various dialects in the [[time-sharing]] era, but in modern times resources such as files ar